トヨタ自動車プログラミングコンテスト2022(AtCoder Beginner Contest 270)
Ex
add 1
AtCoder
⌀ 3159
原题
←G →
翻译中…

Problem Statement

翻译中…

You are given a tuple of $N$ non-negative integers $A=(A_1,A_2,\ldots,A_N)$ such that $A_1=0$ and $A_N>0$.

翻译中…

Takahashi has $N$ counters. Initially, the values of all counters are $0$. He will repeat the following operation until, for every $1\leq i\leq N$, the value of the $i$-th counter is at least $A_i$.

翻译中…

Choose one of the $N$ counters uniformly at random and set its value to $0$. (Each choice is independent of others.) Increase the values of the other counters by $1$.

翻译中…

Print the expected value of the number of times Takahashi repeats the operation, modulo $998244353$ (see Notes).

翻译中…

Note

翻译中…

It can be proved that the sought expected value is always finite and rational. Additionally, under the Constraints of this problem, when that value is represented as $\frac{P}{Q}$ using two coprime integers $P$ and $Q$, one can prove that there is a unique integer $R$ such that $R \times Q \equiv P\pmod{998244353}$ and $0 \leq R \lt 998244353$. Find this $R$.

翻译中…

Constraints

翻译中…
  • $2\leq N\leq 2\times 10^5$
  • $0=A_1\leq A_2\leq \cdots \leq A_N\leq 10^{18}$
  • $A_N>0$
  • All values in the input are integers.
翻译中…

Input

翻译中…

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

翻译中…

N
A_1 A_2 \ldots A_N

翻译中…

Output

翻译中…

Print the expected value of the number of times Takahashi repeats the operation, modulo $998244353$.

翻译中…

样例

Input #1
2
0 2
Output #1
6
Let $C_i$ denote the value of the $i$-th counter. Here is one possible progression of the process. - Set the value of the $1$-st counter to $0$, and then increase the value of the other counter by $1$. Now, $(C_1,C_2)=(0,1)$. - Set the value of the $2$-nd counter to $0$, and then increase the value of the other counter by $1$. Now, $(C_1,C_2)=(1,0)$. - Set the value of the $1$-st counter to $0$, and then increase the value of the other counter by $1$. Now, $(C_1,C_2)=(0,1)$. - Set the value of the $1$-st counter to $0$, and then increase the value of the other counter by $1$. Now, $(C_1,C_2)=(0,2)$. In this case, the operation is performed four times. The probabilities that the process ends after exactly $1,2,3,4,5,\ldots$ operation(s) are $0,\frac{1}{4}, \frac{1}{8}, \frac{1}{8}, \frac{3}{32},\ldots$, respectively, so the sought expected value is $2\times\frac{1}{4}+3\times\frac{1}{8}+4\times\frac{1}{8}+5\times\frac{3}{32}+\dots=6$. Thus, $6$ should be printed.
Input #2
5
0 1 3 10 1000000000000000000
Output #2
874839568
题目信息
题号
abc270_h
时间限制
3 s
内存限制
1024 MB

题面与样例版权归 AtCoder 及出题人所有;中文翻译由 AI 生成(CI 管线),如有出入请以原文为准。