AtCoder Grand Contest 025
E
Walking on a Tree
AtCoder
⌀ 3584
原题
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Problem Statement

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Takahashi loves walking on a tree. The tree where Takahashi walks has $N$ vertices numbered $1$ through $N$. The $i$-th of the $N-1$ edges connects Vertex $a_i$ and Vertex $b_i$.

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Takahashi has scheduled $M$ walks. The $i$-th walk is done as follows:

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  • The walk involves two vertices $u_i$ and $v_i$ that are fixed beforehand.
  • Takahashi will walk from $u_i$ to $v_i$ or from $v_i$ to $u_i$ along the shortest path.
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The happiness gained from the $i$-th walk is defined as follows:

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  • The happiness gained is the number of the edges traversed during the $i$-th walk that satisfies one of the following conditions:
  • In the previous walks, the edge has never been traversed.
    • In the previous walks, the edge has only been traversed in the direction opposite to the direction taken in the $i$-th walk.
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Takahashi would like to decide the direction of each walk so that the total happiness gained from the $M$ walks is maximized. Find the maximum total happiness that can be gained, and one specific way to choose the directions of the walks that maximizes the total happiness.

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Constraints

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  • $1 ≤ N,M ≤ 2000$
  • $1 ≤ a_i , b_i ≤ N$
  • $1 ≤ u_i , v_i ≤ N$
  • $a_i \neq b_i$
  • $u_i \neq v_i$
  • The graph given as input is a tree.
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Input

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Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

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N M
a_1 b_1
:
a_{N-1} b_{N-1}
u_1 v_1
:
u_M v_M

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Output

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Print the maximum total happiness $T$ that can be gained, and one specific way to choose the directions of the walks that maximizes the total happiness, in the following format:

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T
u^'_1 v^'_1
:
u^'_M v^'_M

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where ($u^'_i$,$v^'_i$) is either ($u_i$,$v_i$) or ($v_i$,$u_i$), which means that the $i$-th walk is from vertex $u^'_i$ to $v^'_i$.

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样例

Input #1
4 3
2 1
3 1
4 1
2 3
3 4
4 2
Output #1
6
2 3
3 4
4 2
If we decide the directions of the walks as above, he gains the happiness of $2$ in each walk, and the total happiness will be $6$.
Input #2
5 3
1 2
1 3
3 4
3 5
2 4
3 5
1 5
Output #2
6
2 4
3 5
5 1
Input #3
6 4
1 2
2 3
1 4
4 5
4 6
2 4
3 6
5 6
4 5
Output #3
9
2 4
6 3
5 6
4 5
题目信息
题号
agc025_e
时间限制
2 s
内存限制
1024 MB

题面与样例版权归 AtCoder 及出题人所有;中文翻译由 AI 生成(CI 管线),如有出入请以原文为准。