AtCoder Regular Contest 118
E
Avoid Permutations
AtCoder
⌀ 3092
原题
← DF →
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Problem Statement

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Let us consider the problem below for a permutation $P = (P_1, P_2, \ldots, P_N)$ of $(1, 2, \ldots, N)$, and denote the answer by $f(P)$.

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We have an $(N+2)\times (N+2)$ grid, where the rows are numbered $0, 1, \ldots, N+1$ from top to bottom and the columns are numbered $0, 1, \ldots, N+1$ from left to right. Let $(i,j)$ denote the square at the $i$-th row and $j$-th column.

Consider paths from $(0, 0)$ to $(N+1, N+1)$ where we repeatedly move one square right or one square down. However, for each $1\leq i\leq N$, we must not visit the square $(i, P_i)$. How many such paths are there?

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You are given a positive integer $N$ and an integer sequence $A = (A_1, A_2, \ldots, A_N)$, where each $A_i$ is $-1$ or an integer between $1$ and $N$ (inclusive).

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Consider all permutations $P = (P_1, P_2, \ldots, P_N)$ of $(1, 2, \ldots, N)$ satisfying $A_i\neq -1 \implies P_i = A_i$. Find the sum of $f(P)$ over all such $P$, modulo $998244353$.

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Constraints

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  • $1\leq N\leq 200$
  • $A_i = -1$ or $1\leq A_i\leq N$.
  • $A_i\neq A_j$ if $A_i\neq -1$ and $A_j\neq -1$, for $i\neq j$.
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Input

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Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

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N
A_1 A_2 \ldots A_N

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Output

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Print the answer.

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样例

Input #1
4
1 -1 4 -1
Output #1
41
We want to find the sum of $f(P)$ over two permutations $P = (1,2,4,3)$ and $P = (1,3,4,2)$. The figure below shows the impassable squares for each of them, where `.` and `#` represent a passable and impassable square, respectively. - For $P = (1,2,4,3)$, we have $f(P) = 18$. - For $P = (1,3,4,2)$, we have $f(P) = 23$. The answer is the sum of them: $41$.
Input #2
4
4 3 2 1
Output #2
2
In this sample, we want to compute $f(P)$ for just one permutation $P = (4,3,2,1)$.
Input #3
3
-1 -1 -1
Output #3
48
- For $P = (1,2,3)$, we have $f(P) = 10$. - For $P = (1,3,2)$, we have $f(P) = 6$. - For $P = (2,1,3)$, we have $f(P) = 6$. - For $P = (2,3,1)$, we have $f(P) = 12$. - For $P = (3,1,2)$, we have $f(P) = 12$. - For $P = (3,2,1)$, we have $f(P) = 2$. The answer is the sum of them: $48$.
题目信息
题号
arc118_e
时间限制
2 s
内存限制
1024 MB

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