AtCoder Regular Contest 172
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Problem Statement
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The AtCoder language has $L$ different characters. How many $N$-character strings $s$ consisting of characters in the AtCoder language satisfy the following condition? Find the count modulo $998244353$.
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- All
$K$-character subsequences of the string$s$are different. More precisely, there are$_N\mathrm{C}_K$ways to obtain a$K$-character string by extracting$K$characters from the string$s$and concatenating them without changing the order, and all of these ways must generate different strings.
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What is $_N\mathrm{C}_K$?$_N\mathrm{C}_K$ refers to the total number of ways to choose $K$ from $N$ items. More precisely, $_N\mathrm{C}_K$ is the value of $N!$ divided by $K! \times (N-K)!$.
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Constraints
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$1 \leq K < N \leq 500000$$1 \leq L \leq 10^9$- All input values are integers.
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Input
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The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
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N K L
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Output
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Print the count modulo $998244353$.
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样例
Input #1
4 3 2
Output #1
2
If `a` and `b` represent the first and second characters in the language, the condition is satisfied by two strings: `abab` and `baba`.
Input #2
100 80 26
Output #2
496798269
Approximately $10^{86}$ strings satisfy the condition, but here we print the count modulo $998244353$, which is $496798269$.
Input #3
100 1 26
Output #3
0
Input #4
500000 172172 503746693
Output #4
869120
题目信息
题面与样例版权归 AtCoder 及出题人所有;中文翻译由 AI 生成(CI 管线),如有出入请以原文为准。