AtCoder Regular Contest 178
F
Long Sequence Inversion
AtCoder
⌀ 3863
原题
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翻译中…

Problem Statement

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You are given positive integers $N$, $M$, and $K$, and a sequence of $M$ non-negative integers $A = (A_{0}, A_{1}, \dots, A_{M-1})$. Here, $2^{N - 1} \leq K < 2^{N}$ holds.

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In the input, $K$ is given as an $N$-digit number in binary notation, while the other integers are given in decimal notation.

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Additionally, $A$ is not given directly in the input. Instead, for each $i = 0, 1, \dots, M - 1$, you are given a sequence of $L_i$ integers $X_{i} = (X_{i,0}, X_{i,1}, \dots, X_{i,L_{i}-1})$ such that $A_{i} = \sum_{j=0}^{L_{i}-1} 2^{X_{i,j}}$. Here, $0 \leq X_{i,0} < X_{i,1} < \cdots < X_{i,L_{i}-1} < N$ holds.

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Find the inversion number, modulo $998244353$, of the sequence $B = (B_{0}, B_{1}, \dots, B_{MK-1})$ defined as follows.

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  • For any integer $a$ such that $0 \leq a < K$ and any integer $b$ such that $0 \leq b < M$, the following holds:
  • $B_{aM+b}$ is equal to the remainder when $\operatorname{popcount}(a \operatorname{AND} A_{b})$ is divided by $2$.
翻译中…

What is $\operatorname{AND}$? The bitwise $\operatorname{AND}$ of integers $A$ and $B$, denoted as $A \operatorname{AND} B$, is defined as follows: In the binary representation of $A \operatorname{AND} B$, the digit at the $2^k$ ($k \geq 0$) place is $1$ if and only if the digits at the $2^k$ place in the binary representations of both $A$ and $B$ are $1$; otherwise, it is $0$. For example, $3 \operatorname{AND} 5 = 1$ (in binary: $011 \operatorname{AND} 101 = 001$). Generally, the bitwise $\operatorname{AND}$ of $k$ integers $p_1, p_2, p_3, \dots, p_k$ is defined as $(\dots ((p_1 \operatorname{AND} p_2) \operatorname{AND} p_3) \operatorname{AND} \dots \operatorname{AND} p_k)$, and it can be proved that this is independent of the order of $p_1, p_2, p_3, \dots, p_k$.

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What is $\operatorname{popcount}$? For a non-negative integer $x$, $\operatorname{popcount}(x)$ is the number of $1$s in the binary representation of $x$. More precisely, for a non-negative integer $x$ such that $\displaystyle x = \sum_{i=0}^{\infty} b_i 2^i\ (b_i \in {0, 1})$, it holds that $\displaystyle \operatorname{popcount}(x) = \sum_{i=0}^{\infty} b_i$. For example, $13$ is 1101 in binary, so $\operatorname{popcount}(13) = 3$.

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Constraints

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  • $1 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5$
  • $1 \leq M \leq 2 \times 10^5$
  • $2^{N-1} \leq K < 2^{N}$
  • $0 \leq L_{i} \leq N$
  • $\sum L_{i} \leq 2 \times 10^5$
  • $0 \leq X_{i,0} < X_{i,1} < \cdots < X_{i,L_{i}-1} < N$
  • All input values are integers.
  • $K$ is given in binary notation.
  • All numbers except $K$ are given in decimal notation.
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Input

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The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

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N M
K
L_{0} X_{0,0} X_{0,1} \cdots X_{0,L_{0}-1}
L_{1} X_{1,0} X_{1,1} \cdots X_{1,L_{1}-1}
\vdots
L_{M-1} X_{M-1,0} X_{M-1,1} \cdots X_{M-1,L_{M-1}-1}

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Output

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Print the answer.

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样例

Input #1
2 4
11
1 0
2 0 1
0
1 1
Output #1
9
$A = (1, 3, 0, 2), B = (0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1)$.
Input #2
3 3
101
2 1 2
2 0 1
1 0
Output #2
23
$A = (6, 3, 1), B = (0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0)$.
Input #3
16 7
1101010000100110
11 0 1 2 3 7 10 11 12 13 14 15
7 4 6 8 10 11 12 13
6 0 1 6 8 10 12
8 0 3 5 6 10 11 12 13
10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 12 13
9 3 4 5 6 8 9 11 14 15
8 0 4 7 9 10 11 13 14
Output #3
97754354
Input #4
92 4
10101100101111111111011101111111101011001011111110011110111111101111111110100111100010111011
23 1 2 5 13 14 20 28 32 34 39 52 56 59 60 62 64 67 69 71 78 84 87 91
20 15 17 22 28 36 40 43 47 52 53 57 67 72 77 78 81 87 89 90 91
23 7 8 9 10 11 13 16 19 22 23 30 33 42 49 51 52 58 64 71 73 76 79 83
22 1 13 19 26 27 28 29 35 39 40 41 46 55 60 62 64 67 74 79 82 89 90
Output #4
291412708
Find the number modulo $998244353$.
题目信息
题号
arc178_f
时间限制
2 s
内存限制
1024 MB

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