Codeforces Round 673 (Div. 1)
F
Showing Off
Codeforces
3300
原题
← E→
翻译中…

Another dull quarantine day was going by when BThero decided to start researching matrices of size $n \times m$. The rows are numerated $1$ through $n$ from top to bottom, and the columns are numerated $1$ through $m$ from left to right. The cell in the $i$-th row and $j$-th column is denoted as $(i, j)$.

翻译中…

For each cell $(i, j)$ BThero had two values:

翻译中…
  1. The cost of the cell, which is a single positive integer.
  2. The direction of the cell, which is one of characters L, R, D, U. Those characters correspond to transitions to adjacent cells $(i, j - 1)$, $(i, j + 1)$, $(i + 1, j)$ or $(i - 1, j)$, respectively. No transition pointed outside of the matrix.
翻译中…

Let us call a cell $(i_2, j_2)$ reachable from $(i_1, j_1)$, if, starting from $(i_1, j_1)$ and repeatedly moving to the adjacent cell according to our current direction, we will, sooner or later, visit $(i_2, j_2)$.

翻译中…

BThero decided to create another matrix from the existing two. For a cell $(i, j)$, let us denote $S_{i, j}$ as a set of all reachable cells from it (including $(i, j)$ itself). Then, the value at the cell $(i, j)$ in the new matrix will be equal to the sum of costs of all cells in $S_{i, j}$.

翻译中…

After quickly computing the new matrix, BThero immediately sent it to his friends. However, he did not save any of the initial matrices! Help him to restore any two valid matrices, which produce the current one.

翻译中…

Input

翻译中…

The first line of input file contains a single integer $T$ ($1 \le T \le 100$) denoting the number of test cases. The description of $T$ test cases follows.

翻译中…

First line of a test case contains two integers $n$ and $m$ ($1 \le n \cdot m \le 10^5$).

翻译中…

Each of the following $n$ lines contain exactly $m$ integers — the elements of the produced matrix. Each element belongs to the segment $[2, 10^9]$.

翻译中…

It is guaranteed that $\sum{(n \cdot m)}$ over all test cases does not exceed $10^5$.

翻译中…

Output

翻译中…

For each test case, if an answer does not exist, print a single word NO. Otherwise, print YES and both matrices in the same format as in the input.

翻译中…
  • The first matrix should be the cost matrix and the second matrix should be the direction matrix.
  • All integers in the cost matrix should be positive.
  • All characters in the direction matrix should be valid. No direction should point outside of the matrix.
翻译中…

样例

Input #1
2
3 4
7 6 7 8
5 5 4 4
5 7 4 4
1 1
5
Output #1
YES
1 1 1 1
2 1 1 1
3 2 1 1
R D L L
D R D L
U L R U
NO
InputCopy OutputCopy
题目信息
题号
1416F
时间限制
6 s
内存限制
256 MB
标签
网络流
图匹配
贪心
模拟

题面与样例版权归 Codeforces 及出题人所有;中文翻译由 AI 生成(CI 管线),如有出入请以原文为准。