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G
Weighted Increasing Subsequences
Codeforces
3200
原题
← FH →
翻译中…

You are given the sequence of integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ of length $n$.

翻译中…

The sequence of indices $i_1 \lt i_2 \lt \ldots \lt i_k$ of length $k$ denotes the subsequence $a_{i_1}, a_{i_2}, \ldots, a_{i_k}$ of length $k$ of sequence $a$.

翻译中…

The subsequence $a_{i_1}, a_{i_2}, \ldots, a_{i_k}$ of length $k$ of sequence $a$ is called increasing subsequence if $a_{i_j} \lt a_{i_{j+1}}$ for each $1 \leq j \lt k$.

翻译中…

The weight of the increasing subsequence $a_{i_1}, a_{i_2}, \ldots, a_{i_k}$ of length $k$ of sequence $a$ is the number of $1 \leq j \leq k$, such that exists index $i_k \lt x \leq n$ and $a_x \gt a_{i_j}$.

翻译中…

For example, if $a = [6, 4, 8, 6, 5]$, then the sequence of indices $i = [2, 4]$ denotes increasing subsequence $[4, 6]$ of sequence $a$. The weight of this increasing subsequence is $1$, because for $j = 1$ exists $x = 5$ and $a_5 = 5 \gt a_{i_1} = 4$, but for $j = 2$ such $x$ doesn't exist.

翻译中…

Find the sum of weights of all increasing subsequences of $a$ modulo $10^9+7$.

翻译中…

Input

翻译中…

The first line contains a single integer $t$ ($1 \leq t \leq 1000$) — the number of test cases.

翻译中…

The first line of each test case contains the single integer $n$ ($1 \leq n \leq 2 \cdot 10^5$) — the length of the sequence $a$.

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The second line of each test case contains $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ ($1 \leq a_i \leq 10^9$) — the sequence $a$.

翻译中…

It is guaranteed that the sum of $n$ over all test cases doesn't exceed $2 \cdot 10^5$.

翻译中…

Output

翻译中…

For each test case, print the sum of weights of all increasing subsequences $a$ modulo $10^9+7$.

翻译中…

Note

翻译中…

In the first test case the following increasing subsequences of $a$ have not zero weight:

翻译中…
  • The weight of $[a_1] = [6]$ is $1$.
  • The weight of $[a_2] = [4]$ is $1$.
  • The weight of $[a_2, a_3] = [4, 8]$ is $1$.
  • The weight of $[a_2, a_4] = [4, 6]$ is $1$.
翻译中…

The sum of weights of increasing subsequences is $4$.

翻译中…

In the second test case there are $7$ increasing subsequences of $a$ with not zero weight: $3$ with weight $1$, $3$ with weight $2$ and $1$ with weight $3$. The sum of weights is $12$.

翻译中…

样例

Input #1
4
5
6 4 8 6 5
4
1 2 3 4
3
3 2 2
4
4 5 6 5
Output #1
4
12
0
6
InputCopy OutputCopy
题目信息
题号
1621G
所属比赛
时间限制
1 s
内存限制
256 MB
标签
数据结构
动态规划
数学

题面与样例版权归 Codeforces 及出题人所有;中文翻译由 AI 生成(CI 管线),如有出入请以原文为准。