Codeforces Round 932 (Div. 2)
B
Informatics in MAC
Codeforces
1200
原题
← AC →
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In the Master's Assistance Center, Nyam-Nyam was given a homework assignment in informatics.

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There is an array $a$ of length $n$, and you want to divide it into $k \gt 1$ subsegments$^{\dagger}$ in such a way that the $\operatorname{MEX} ^{\ddagger}$ on each subsegment is equal to the same integer.

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Help Nyam-Nyam find any suitable division, or determine that it does not exist.

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$^{\dagger}$A division of an array into $k$ subsegments is defined as $k$ pairs of integers $(l_1, r_1), (l_2, r_2), \ldots, (l_k, r_k)$ such that $l_i \le r_i$ and for each $1 \le j \le k - 1$, $l_{j + 1} = r_j + 1$, and also $l_1 = 1$ and $r_k = n$. These pairs represent the subsegments themselves.

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$^{\ddagger}\operatorname{MEX}$ of an array is the smallest non-negative integer that does not belong to the array.

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For example:

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  • $\operatorname{MEX}$ of the array $[2, 2, 1]$ is $0$, because $0$ does not belong to the array.
  • $\operatorname{MEX}$ of the array $[3, 1, 0, 1]$ is $2$, because $0$ and $1$ belong to the array, but $2$ does not.
  • $\operatorname{MEX}$ of the array $[0, 3, 1, 2]$ is $4$, because $0$, $1$, $2$, and $3$ belong to the array, but $4$ does not.
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Input

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Each test consists of multiple test cases. The first line contains a single integer $t$ ($1 \leq t \leq 10^4$) — the number of test cases. The description of the test cases follows.

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The first line of each test case contains a single integer $n$ ($2 \le n \le 10^5$) — the length of the array $a$.

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The second line of each test case contains $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ ($0 \le a_i \lt n$) — the elements of the array $a$.

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It is guaranteed that the sum of $n$ over all test cases does not exceed $10^5$.

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Output

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For each test case, output a single integer $-1$ if a suitable division does not exist.

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Otherwise, on the first line, output an integer $k$ ($2 \le k \le n$) — the number of subsegments in the division.

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Then output $k$ lines — the division into subsegments. The $i$-th line should contain two integers $l_i$ and $r_i$ ($1 \le l_i \le r_i \le n$) — the boundaries of the $i$-th subsegment.

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The following conditions must be satisfied:

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  • For all $1 \le j \le k - 1$, $l_{j + 1} = r_j + 1$;
  • $l_1 = 1$, $r_k = n$.
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If there are multiple possible solutions, output any of them.

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Note

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In the first test case, the array $a$ can be divided into $2$ subsegments with boundaries $[1, 1]$ and $[2, 2]$:

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  • $\operatorname{MEX}$ of the first subsegment $[0]$ is $1$, as $0$ belongs to the subsegment, but $1$ does not.
  • $\operatorname{MEX}$ of the second subsegment $[0]$ is $1$, as $0$ belongs to the subsegment, but $1$ does not.
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In the second test case, it can be proven that the required division does not exist.

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In the third test case, the array $a$ can be divided into $3$ subsegments with boundaries $[1, 3]$, $[4, 5]$, $[6, 8]$:

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  • $\operatorname{MEX}$ of the first subsegment $[0, 1, 7]$ is $2$, as $0$ and $1$ belong to the subsegment, but $2$ does not.
  • $\operatorname{MEX}$ of the second subsegment $[1, 0]$ is $2$, as $0$ and $1$ belong to the subsegment, but $2$ does not.
  • $\operatorname{MEX}$ of the third subsegment $[1, 0, 3]$ is $2$, as $0$ and $1$ belong to the subsegment, but $2$ does not.
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样例

Input #1
5
2
0 0
5
0 1 2 3 4
8
0 1 7 1 0 1 0 3
3
2 2 2
4
0 1 2 0
Output #1
2
1 1
2 2
-1
3
1 3
4 5
6 8
3
1 1
2 2
3 3
-1
InputCopy OutputCopy
题目信息
题号
1935B
时间限制
1 s
内存限制
256 MB
标签
构造

题面与样例版权归 Codeforces 及出题人所有;中文翻译由 AI 生成(CI 管线),如有出入请以原文为准。